Intanet na Abubuwa na saƙa sabon gidan yanar gizo na abubuwa masu haɗin gwiwa a duniya. A ƙarshen 2020, kusan na'urori biliyan 2.1 an haɗa su zuwa cibiyoyin sadarwa masu fa'ida dangane da fasahar salula ko LPWA. Kasuwar tana da banbance-banbance kuma ta kasu kashi-kashi cikin yanayin halittu da yawa. Anan za a mai da hankali kan fitattun mahalli na fasaha guda uku don sadarwar IoT mai fa'ida - yanayin yanayin 3GPP na fasahar salula, fasahar LPWA LoRa da yanayin yanayin 802.15.4.
Iyalin 3GPP na fasahar salula na goyan bayan mafi girman yanayin muhalli a cikin babban yanki na sadarwar IoT. Berg Insight ya kiyasta cewa adadin masu amfani da wayar salula na IoT a duniya ya kai biliyan 1.7 a karshen shekara - wanda ya yi daidai da kashi 18.0 na duk masu biyan kuɗin wayar hannu. Jigilar kayayyaki na shekara-shekara na samfuran IoT ta wayar salula sun karu da kashi 14.1 a cikin 2020 don isa raka'a miliyan 302.7. Yayin da cutar ta COVID-19 ta shafi buƙatu a cikin manyan wuraren aikace-aikacen da yawa a cikin 2020, ƙarancin guntu na duniya zai yi tasiri sosai a kasuwa a cikin 2021.
Yanayin fasahar IoT ta salula yana cikin wani lokaci na canji cikin sauri. Ci gaban da ake samu a kasar Sin yana kara saurin sauya duniya zuwa fasahohin 4G LTE daga 2G wanda har yanzu ya kai kaso mai yawa na jigilar kayayyaki a shekarar 2020. An fara yunkurin daga 2G zuwa 4G LTE a Arewacin Amurka tare da 3G a matsayin fasaha ta tsakiya. Yankin ya ga saurin ɗaukar LTE Cat-1 tun daga 2017 da LTE-M farawa a cikin 2018 a daidai lokacin da GPRS da CDMA ke dushewa. Turai ta kasance babbar kasuwa ta 2G, inda yawancin masu aiki ke shirin faɗuwar hanyar sadarwar 2G a ƙarshen 2025.
An fara jigilar kayayyaki na NB-IoT a yankin a cikin 2019 kodayake adadin ya kasance kanana. Rashin ɗaukar nauyin LTE-M na ƙasashen Turai ya zuwa yanzu yana da iyakacin ɗaukar fasahar a yankin akan sikeli mai faɗi. Duk da haka ana ci gaba da fitar da tsarin sadarwar LTE-M a cikin ƙasashe da yawa kuma za a fara aiwatar da ƙima daga 2022. Kasar Sin tana saurin ƙaura daga GPRS zuwa NB-IoT a ɓangaren kasuwannin jama'a yayin da babbar ma'aikacin wayar tafi da gidanka ta daina ƙara sabbin na'urorin 2G zuwa cibiyar sadarwar ta. 2020. A lokaci guda kuma, ana samun karuwar buƙatun na'urorin LTE Cat-1 dangane da chipsets na cikin gida. 2020 kuma ita ce shekarar da samfuran 5G suka fara jigilar kaya a cikin ƙananan juzu'i tare da ƙaddamar da motoci masu kunna 5G da ƙofofin IoT.
LoRa yana samun ci gaba a matsayin dandalin haɗin kai na duniya don na'urorin IoT. A cewar Semtech, tushen na'urorin LoRa da aka shigar sun kai miliyan 178 a farkon 2021. Manyan manyan sassan aikace-aikacen farko sune iskar gas da na'urar auna ruwa, inda ƙarancin wutar lantarki na LoRa ya dace da buƙatun aikin baturi na tsawon rai. LoRa kuma yana samun karbuwa ga manyan birane da yanki na IoT na jigilar kayayyaki don sadarwar firikwensin firikwensin da na'urorin bin diddigin a cikin birane, masana'antu, gine-ginen kasuwanci da gidaje.
Semtech ya bayyana cewa ya samar a cikin kewayon dalar Amurka miliyan 88 a cikin kudaden shiga daga guntuwar LoRa a cikin shekarar kuɗin ta da ke ƙarewa a cikin Janairu 2021 kuma tana tsammanin haɓaka ƙimar haɓakar kashi 40 na shekara-shekara a cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa. Berg Insight ya kiyasta cewa jigilar kayayyaki na na'urorin LoRa kowace shekara sun kasance raka'a miliyan 44.3 a cikin 2020.
Har zuwa 2025, ana hasashen jigilar kayayyaki na shekara-shekara don yin girma a ƙimar girma na shekara-shekara (CAGR) na kashi 32.3 don kaiwa raka'a miliyan 179.8. Yayin da kasar Sin ke da sama da kashi 50 cikin 100 na jimillar jigilar kayayyaki a shekarar 2020, ana sa ran jigilar kayayyaki na LoRa a Turai da Arewacin Amurka za su yi girma zuwa adadi mai yawa a cikin shekaru masu zuwa yayin da ake samun karbuwa a sassan mabukata da kamfanoni.
802.15.4 WAN kafaffen dandali ne na haɗin kai don cibiyoyin sadarwar raga mara waya mai fa'ida mai fa'ida da ake amfani da su don aikace-aikace kamar na'ura mai wayo.
Ana fuskantar karuwar gasa daga matakan LPWA masu tasowa, 802.15.4 WAN ana sa ran zai yi girma a matsakaicin matsakaici a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Berg Insight ya yi hasashen cewa jigilar na'urorin 802.15.4 WAN za su yi girma a CAGR na 13.2 bisa dari daga raka'a miliyan 13.5 a cikin 2020 zuwa raka'a miliyan 25.1 nan da 2025. Smart metering ana tsammanin zai lissafta yawancin buƙatun.
Wi-SUN shine babban ma'aunin masana'antu don hanyoyin sadarwar auna wutar lantarki a Arewacin Amurka, tare da tallafi kuma yana yaduwa zuwa wani yanki na Asiya-Pacific da Latin Amurka.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-21-2022
